Gobernanza del Agua Comunitaria: Modelo Estructural de Sostenibilidad Rural
Community Water Governance: Structural Model of Rural SustainabilityBarra lateral del artículo
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La sostenibilidad de los sistemas de agua potable gestionados por la comunidad constituye un desafío persistente en el desarrollo rural. Este estudio propone y prueba un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para determinar la influencia de la capacidad organizativa y los factores políticos en la sostenibilidad de la gestión, examinando el rol mediador de la confianza del usuario y el efecto moderador de la claridad de las reglas comunitarias. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo transversal en 15 Juntas Administradoras de Servicios de Saneamiento (JASS) en Cajamarca, Perú, con 315 hogares usuarios. Los datos se analizaron mediante Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio y Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales. El modelo mostró ajuste excelente (CFI=.96, RMSEA=.05). La capacidad organizativa tuvo efecto positivo sobre la sostenibilidad (β=.38, p<.001) y la confianza (β=.51, p<.001). La confianza medió parcialmente estas relaciones. El análisis de moderación reveló que la capacidad organizativa fue más efectiva con alta claridad de reglas.
The sustainability of community-managed water supply systems represents a persistent challenge in rural development. This study proposes and tests a structural equation model to determine the influence of organizational capacity and political factors on management sustainability, examining the mediating role of user trust and the moderating effect of community rule clarity. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in 15 Water and Sanitation Service Administration Boards (JASS) in Cajamarca, Peru, with 315 user households. Data were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. The model showed excellent fit (CFI=.96, RMSEA=.05). Organizational capacity had positive effects on sustainability (β=.38, p<.001) and trust (β=.51, p<.001). Trust partially mediated these relationships. Moderation analysis revealed that organizational capacity was more effective with high rule clarity.
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